This study investigated the personalities of employees on medical leave due to mental health disorders. Using contingencies of self-worth (CSW) as a metric of personality, it was examined whether the CSW of employees on medical leave due to mental health disorders matched the perceived values of their workplace relative to that of employees at work. Differences in CSW before and after taking medical leave were also examined. Thirty-six employees on medical leave and 133 employees at work participated in this survey study. Results indicated that three types of CSW (CSW for being superior, for having positive evaluation from others, for having autonomy) were higher in employees on medical leave than in employees at work. There was also a large difference between each type of CSW of employees on medical leave and the perceived values of their workplace, and all three types of CSW decreased after medical leave.